抽象类抽象类规则2 、抽象类不能new对象3、抽象类是存在构造函数的, 抽象类是能够被其他类所继承的, 子类的构造函数的第一句代码是super()。4、存在这样一种情况, 有抽象类, 它具备成员变量, 还有静态变量, 也存在普通函数, 同时包含抽象函数。而且, 抽象类能够被别的类继承, 也能够去继承其他类。5、函数的返回值前面添加 ------ void 吃(), 这样的函数就是抽象函数。6 、抽象函数不写也不能写函数体7 、抽象函数必须在抽象类中 抽象类中不一定有抽象函数8 、抽象函数子类必须重写问题是, 存在这样一种情况, 抽象类之中是有构造器的, 然而抽象类是不可以被用来创建对象的, 而且既然它已经是抽象类了, 就不能够进行new对象的操作, 那么为什么它还要有个构造器呢?抽象类是用来干嘛的, 那就是用于继承的, 虽说抽象类不能够创建对象, 然而父类当中是能够有成员变量的, 这样一来构造器就能够重载去使用这一成员变量, 当子类继承父类之际, 就能够在子类的构造器里通过运用super成员变量来进行父类的调用, 从而使用到父类的构造方法。要是不写的话, 就会调用默认的空参构造器super()。为何子类会调用父类的构造器呢, 原因在于子类继承父类, 会继承到父类里的数据故而一定要看父类是怎样对自身的数据进行初始化的。所以当子类进行对象初始化时, 会先调用父类的构造函数, 这便是子类的实例化过程。接口类规则1、接口没有构造器不可以new接口new直接报红2、实现接口后要重写其中所有的方法不写直接报红3、不想实现接口的所有方法可以将自己的实现类声明为类4、能够定义成员变量, 它归属于final此类型, 类达成接口, 能够直接予以使用。解决的问题要解决Java里类与类之间原本存在的单继承问题, 所以借助关键字把子类跟父类的关系由继承转变为实现。二者自身性质并非没有太大差异, 然而接口能够被多实现, 进而会使组合更为灵活, 而且程序之间的耦合度很低。比如存在着猫、狗、鸡这三种类别, 其中猫有着两个方法, 其一为会进行上树这种行为, 也就是爬树, 其二是能够抓老鼠。狗有一个方法1、抓老鼠鸡有一个方法1、上树飞在这个时候能够看出来, 猫所采用的方法和鸡以及狗所采用的方法是存在交叉重叠部分的, 再进一步把这两个方法提取出来放置到两个不同的类当中呢 , 要是通过继承这种方式的话, 狗能够继承那个包含抓老鼠功能的类里面的方法, 鸡能够继承那个包含上树功能的类里面的方法, 那么猫该如何去继承呢 , 因为JAVA是不允许一个类同时继承两个类并且使用这两个类里面的方法的呀, 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